As a historian with a keen interest in the development of global empires, I've spent considerable time studying the origins and expansion of the British Empire. The question of who started the British Empire is a complex one, involving a multitude of factors, key figures, and pivotal events that contributed to its establishment and growth.

The British Empire, in its early stages, was not a single entity but a series of endeavors by various individuals, companies, and the state. It is important to note that the term "British Empire" itself did not come into common usage until the late 19th century. However, the seeds of what would become the empire were sown much earlier.

The British began to establish overseas colonies in the 16th century, driven by a combination of economic, political, and religious motivations. The voyages of exploration and trade by figures such as Sir Walter Raleigh and Sir Francis Drake in the late 16th century were instrumental in laying the groundwork for British overseas expansion. These early efforts were primarily focused on trade and the establishment of small settlements, rather than the creation of a formal empire.

By the 17th century, the British East India Company was established, which played a crucial role in the expansion of British influence in India. The company was granted a royal charter by Queen Elizabeth I in 1600, giving it a monopoly over English trade with the East Indies. Over time, the company would come to control vast territories and exercise significant political power in the region, effectively becoming a state within a state.

The 18th century saw a significant expansion of British colonial holdings, particularly in North America and the Caribbean. The 'first British Empire' indeed reached its zenith by 1783, with colonies stretching from the Americas to the West Indies. This period was marked by the Seven Years' War, which ended in 1763 with the Treaty of Paris, significantly expanding British territories and influence.

However, the 'first British Empire' came to an end after the American Revolution, which saw the Thirteen Colonies in North America break away from British rule and form the United States of America. This event marked a significant turning point, leading to the loss of what is often referred to as the 'first British Empire' and the beginning of the 'second British Empire,' which would see Britain expand its influence across Africa, Asia, and the Pacific.

It is difficult to attribute the start of the British Empire to a single individual or event. Instead, it was the result of a series of interconnected actions and decisions by various actors over several centuries. The British monarchy, the British East India Company, and numerous explorers, traders, and settlers all played a role in the empire's formation.

In conclusion, the British Empire was not the product of a single founder but rather the cumulative effect of centuries of British overseas activity. It is a story of exploration, trade, conquest, and colonization, with many key figures contributing to its rise and eventual decline.

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The British began to establish overseas colonies in the 16th century. By 1783 Britain had a large empire, with colonies in America and the West Indies. This 'first British Empire' came to end after the American Revolution.read more >>