As an expert in the field of geography and history, I can provide a comprehensive answer to your question.

Firstly, it is important to clarify that Mexico is indeed a sovereign country. It is the third largest country in the Americas, both by land area and population, and it is located to the south of the United States. Mexico has a rich history that spans from ancient civilizations such as the Maya and the Aztec, through the period of Spanish colonization, to its eventual independence and the formation of the modern nation.

Regarding the historical context you provided, it is true that Mexico gained its independence from Spain in 1821 after a long and arduous war of independence. This event marked a significant turning point in Mexican history, as it transitioned from being a colony to a newly independent nation. However, the territory that comprises modern-day Mexico has undergone several changes throughout history.

The mention of Texas is particularly interesting in this context. Prior to its independence, Texas was indeed a part of Mexico. However, the history of Texas as a part of Mexico was relatively short-lived. After Mexico gained independence from Spain, Texas was incorporated into the country as a state. But the region was not stable, and there were numerous conflicts and tensions between the Mexican government and the settlers, many of whom were from the United States.

In 1836, Texas declared its independence from Mexico and established itself as the Republic of Texas. This was a period of significant political and social upheaval, as the newly formed republic sought to define its identity and governance. The Republic of Texas existed as an independent entity for approximately ten years.

The situation changed again in 1845 when Texas agreed to join the United States, becoming the 28th state. This annexation was not without controversy and led to tensions between the United States and Mexico, culminating in the Mexican-American War from 1846 to 1848. The war resulted in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which established the current boundaries between the United States and Mexico.

It is also worth noting that Mexico has undergone several territorial adjustments since its independence. The Gadsden Purchase in 1853 is another example of such an adjustment, where Mexico sold additional land to the United States to facilitate the construction of a southern transcontinental railroad.

In conclusion, Mexico is a country with a complex and dynamic history. Its borders and political landscape have evolved over time, reflecting the interplay of various historical forces, including colonization, independence movements, and territorial disputes. Today, Mexico stands as a sovereign nation with its own unique culture, political system, and identity, distinct from its northern neighbor, the United States.

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Although Mexico's war of independence pushed out Spain in 1821, Texas did not remain a Mexican possession for long. It became its own country, called the Republic of Texas, from 1836 until it agreed to join the United States in 1845.Mar 1, 2013read more >>