As a diving expert with extensive experience in underwater exploration and the science behind breathing gases, I can provide a comprehensive overview of the gases used by divers. Divers rely on various breathing gases to ensure their safety and efficiency underwater. The choice of gas depends on the depth of the dive, the duration, and the type of diving activity.

Nitrox is a popular gas mixture used by recreational divers. It contains a higher concentration of oxygen and nitrogen compared to regular air, which allows divers to stay underwater longer and reduce the risk of decompression sickness. Nitrox is typically used for dives up to 40 meters deep.

Heliox is another breathing gas, a mixture of helium and oxygen, which is used for very deep dives, often beyond recreational limits. Helium is less dense than nitrogen, which reduces the work of breathing and allows divers to stay at depth for extended periods without the risk of nitrogen narcosis.

The term Hydreliox, as mentioned, is a mixture of oxygen, helium, and hydrogen. It is indeed used for commercial diving operations that go below 130 meters. The hydrogen in the mixture helps to reduce the overall density of the gas, making it easier for divers to breathe at great depths. However, the use of hydrogen in diving gases is controversial due to its flammability and the need for special safety precautions.

Hydrox, a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, is mentioned for its use in very deep diving. While this mixture can theoretically provide a less dense gas for deep diving, the flammability of hydrogen poses significant risks, and its use is not common in diving practices.

In addition to these, there are other gases used in specialized diving operations, such as trimix and technical gases, which are tailored to specific depths and diving requirements. Trimix, for example, is a mixture of oxygen, helium, and nitrogen and is used for deep technical diving.

The choice of breathing gas is crucial for a diver's safety. Each gas mixture has its advantages and disadvantages, and divers must be trained in the use of the specific gas they will be using. The depth at which a diver operates significantly influences the gas mixture's selection, as deeper dives require gases that reduce the risk of narcosis and decompression sickness.

In conclusion, divers use a variety of breathing gases tailored to their specific needs and the depth of their dives. The selection of the right gas mixture is a critical aspect of diving safety and requires careful consideration and training.

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Hydreliox is a mixture of oxygen, helium, and hydrogen and is used for dives below 130 metres in commercial diving. Hydrox, a gas mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, is used as a breathing gas in very deep diving.read more >>