As a domain expert in the field of geology and energy resources, I have a deep understanding of the distribution of coal resources around the globe. Coal, a fossil fuel formed from the remains of ancient plant life, has been a significant source of energy for centuries. The formation of coal is a complex geological process that requires specific conditions, including a warm, wet climate, and a certain period of time for the accumulation and transformation of organic matter.

Where is coal found? Coal reserves are indeed available in almost every country worldwide, with recoverable reserves in approximately 70 countries. The largest reserves are found in the USA, Russia, China, and India. These countries hold a significant portion of the world's proven coal reserves, which are estimated to be around 1.1 trillion tonnes.

The USA, particularly in states like Wyoming, West Virginia, and Kentucky, is known for its vast coal deposits. Russia's coal is primarily located in the Siberian region, while China's coal reserves are spread across the country with significant deposits in Shanxi and Inner Mongolia. India's coal is mainly found in the states of Jharkhand, Odisha, and Chhattisgarh.

In addition to these major players, there are other countries with notable coal reserves, such as Australia, South Africa, Germany, and Poland. Australia's coal is predominantly found in the states of Queensland and New South Wales. South Africa's coal is primarily located in the provinces of Mpumalanga and Limpopo. Germany has significant lignite coal deposits in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Saxony, while Poland's coal is mainly in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin.

The distribution of coal is influenced by geological factors such as the presence of sedimentary basins, tectonic activity, and the historical climate that prevailed during the time of plant deposition. The process of coal formation, known as coalification, involves the burial of plant material, followed by heat and pressure over millions of years, which transforms the organic matter into peat, lignite, sub-bituminous coal, bituminous coal, and eventually anthracite.

Environmental concerns have led to a shift in the global energy landscape, with a move towards cleaner and more sustainable energy sources. However, coal continues to play a crucial role in the energy mix of many countries, particularly in developing nations where it is used for electricity generation and industrial processes.

In conclusion, coal is a globally distributed resource with significant reserves in the USA, Russia, China, India, and several other countries. While the environmental impact of coal mining and usage is a pressing issue, the strategic importance of coal as an energy source remains undeniable.

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Where is coal found? Coal reserves are available in almost every country worldwide, with recoverable reserves in around 70 countries. The biggest reserves are in the USA, Russia, China and India. There are an estimated 1.1 trillion tonnes of proven coal reserves worldwide.read more >>