As an expert in the field of ethics and moral philosophy, I can provide a comprehensive definition of conventional morality, which is a concept that has been explored by various scholars and psychologists. Conventional morality is a stage in the development of an individual's moral reasoning, which is often associated with the social norms and expectations of a particular culture or society.

**Conventional Morality: Definition & Stages**

Conventional morality, as defined by American psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg, is a level of moral development where an individual's moral reasoning is primarily influenced by the expectations and norms of society. It is characterized by a focus on conforming to societal standards and maintaining social order. At this stage, individuals tend to view morality as a set of rules that are agreed upon by the majority, and they value the approval and acceptance of others.

Characteristics of Conventional Morality


1. Compliance with Social Norms: Individuals at this stage adhere to the rules and norms set by society, recognizing that these norms are crucial for maintaining social order and harmony.


2. Good Boy-Nice Girl Orientation: In the earlier stages of conventional morality, children are motivated by the desire to be seen as "good" by others, often seeking approval from authority figures like parents and teachers.


3. Law and Order Orientation: As individuals mature, they begin to view morality in terms of the legal and societal rules that govern behavior, believing that following these rules is the right thing to do.


4. Social Contract Orientation: At a more advanced stage, individuals recognize that moral principles are not absolute but are instead based on a social contract, where people agree to abide by certain rules for the greater good.


5. Maintaining Social Order: The primary goal of individuals at this stage is to uphold social order and stability, often prioritizing the needs of the group over individual desires.

Critiques and Limitations

While conventional morality plays a crucial role in maintaining social cohesion, it is not without its limitations. Critics argue that this level of moral reasoning can lead to a lack of critical thinking and an over-reliance on authority. It may also discourage individuals from questioning societal norms and engaging in moral reflection.

Developmental Aspects

Kohlberg's theory suggests that conventional morality is a transitional stage in an individual's moral development, typically occurring between the ages of 10 and 15. As individuals continue to mature and engage in more complex moral reasoning, they may progress to post-conventional morality, where they begin to question societal norms and develop their own moral principles based on universal ethical principles.

Cultural Considerations

It is important to note that the concept of conventional morality is not universally applicable and may vary across different cultures and societies. What is considered moral in one culture may not be in another, highlighting the importance of understanding the cultural context when examining moral development.

In conclusion, conventional morality is a stage in moral development characterized by adherence to societal norms and a focus on maintaining social order. While it plays a vital role in societal functioning, it is essential to recognize its limitations and encourage the development of more advanced moral reasoning.

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Video: Conventional Morality: Definition & Stages. Most adults hold moral principles that are generally based on compliance with social norms and a recognition that those social norms help preserve social order. To American psychiatrist Lawrence Kohlberg, this is called conventional morality.read more >>