Islam is a rich and diverse religion with a multitude of traditions that have developed around the world. As an expert in religious studies, I can provide an overview of some of the key traditions within Islam, while acknowledging that this is a vast topic with many nuances and regional variations.

Prayer (Salat): One of the most fundamental practices in Islam is the daily ritual prayer known as Salat. Muslims are required to pray five times a day at specific times, facing the Kaaba in Mecca. Each prayer consists of a series of prostrations and recitations from the Quran.

Zakat: This is the practice of almsgiving, which is one of the Five Pillars of Islam. It requires Muslims to give a portion of their wealth to those in need, typically 2.5% of their savings and assets above a minimum threshold.

Fasting (Sawm): During the holy month of Ramadan, Muslims fast from dawn until sunset, abstaining from food, drink, and other physical needs. This is a time of increased prayer, reflection, and community.

Hajj: The pilgrimage to Mecca is a once-in-a-lifetime obligation for those who are physically and financially able. It is a demonstration of unity, as Muslims from around the world gather to perform the same rituals.

Quranic Recitation: The Quran is the holy book of Islam, and its recitation is an important tradition. Many Muslims memorize portions of the Quran, and recitation is a feature of both personal devotion and communal worship.

Islamic Calligraphy: The art of writing the Arabic script in a decorative manner is highly valued in Islamic culture. Calligraphy is used to adorn mosques, religious texts, and other cultural artifacts.

Islamic Architecture: The construction of mosques and other religious structures is a significant tradition. These buildings often feature domes, minarets, and intricate geometric patterns.

Non-Qur'anic Traditions: While the Quran and the Hadith (sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad) are the primary sources of Islamic law and practice, there are also many cultural traditions that have developed. These can include local customs, regional festivals, and various forms of Islamic art and music.

The Baul Tradition of Bengal: This refers to a mystical tradition of music and poetry that has developed in the Bengal region. Baul singers use their art to express their spiritual beliefs and to seek a deeper understanding of the divine.

It's important to note that Islamic traditions are not monolithic and can vary significantly from one culture to another. The diversity within the Islamic world is a testament to the religion's ability to adapt and thrive in a wide range of social and cultural contexts.

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Islamic culture generally includes all the practices which have developed around the religion of Islam, including Qur'anic ones such as prayer (salat) and non-Qur'anic such as divisions of the world in Islam. It includes the Baul tradition of Bengal.read more >>