As a domain expert in philosophy, I am well-versed in the works of various philosophers, including Aristotle. Let's delve into Aristotle's view of happiness, which is a central theme in his ethical treatise, the "Nicomachean Ethics."

Aristotle's view of happiness, or "eudaimonia" as he calls it, is complex and multifaceted. It is not merely a fleeting emotion or a temporary state of pleasure, but rather a deep and lasting sense of fulfillment that comes from living a virtuous life. This concept is rooted in his broader teleological framework, which posits that everything has a purpose or "telos" toward which it naturally tends.

Step 1: Understanding the Supreme Good

Aristotle begins his inquiry by asking what the "supreme good" for humans is. He believes that all actions are performed for the sake of some good, and that there must be a highest good that is the ultimate end of all human endeavors. This ultimate end is what he refers to as "eudaimonia," which is often translated as "happiness" but more accurately means "flourishing" or "living well."

Step 2: The Role of Virtue

Central to Aristotle's conception of happiness is the idea of virtue. He argues that virtues are habits that enable us to achieve our natural potential and to live in accordance with reason. There are two types of virtues in Aristotle's system: moral virtues and intellectual virtues. Moral virtues, such as courage, temperance, and justice, are developed through practice and habituation. Intellectual virtues, on the other hand, are developed through learning and contemplation.

Step 3: The Golden Mean

Aristotle's concept of the "Golden Mean" is a key component of his ethical theory. He posits that virtues lie in a mean between two extremes. For example, the virtue of courage lies between the vices of cowardice and recklessness. By cultivating the virtues, one can achieve a balanced and moderate life, which is essential for happiness.

Step 4: The Activity of Living

Aristotle emphasizes that happiness is not a state but an activity. It is something that we do, not something that simply happens to us. This means that happiness is achieved through active engagement in virtuous activities, rather than through passive enjoyment or the possession of material goods.

Step 5: The Importance of Friendship

Friendship also plays a significant role in Aristotle's view of happiness. He believes that friendship is a deep and enduring relationship that contributes to our well-being and allows us to achieve our potential as social beings.

Step 6: The Role of Contemplation

Lastly, Aristotle argues that the highest form of happiness is achieved through contemplation, or "theoria." This involves the intellectual pursuit of truth and wisdom for its own sake, which he considers to be the most divine and fulfilling of all human activities.

In conclusion, Aristotle's view of happiness is one that is deeply intertwined with the cultivation of virtue, the practice of moderation, the development of deep friendships, and the pursuit of knowledge and wisdom. It is a holistic and comprehensive approach to living a good life, one that emphasizes the importance of personal development, moral character, and intellectual growth.

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Happiness is not a state but an activity. In his Nicomachean Ethics, the philosopher Aristotle tries to discover what is 'the supreme good for man', that is, what is the best way to lead our life and give it meaning. For Aristotle, a thing is best understood by looking at its end, purpose, or goal.Jan 28, 2013read more >>