As a domain expert in the field of optics, I can provide you with a comprehensive explanation of the laws of reflection and refraction of light. These fundamental principles are integral to understanding how light interacts with different media and surfaces.

The Law of Reflection:
The law of reflection is a principle that describes how light behaves when it encounters a surface or boundary between two different media. There are two main components to this law:

1. **The Incident Ray, the Reflected Ray, and the Normal are in the Same Plane:** When a light ray, known as the incident ray, strikes a surface, it is reflected. The reflected ray is the light that bounces off the surface. The normal is an imaginary line that is perpendicular to the surface at the point of incidence. According to the law of reflection, the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal all lie in the same plane.

2. **The Angle of Reflection is Equal to the Angle of Incidence:** The angle of incidence is the angle between the incident ray and the normal. The angle of reflection is the angle between the reflected ray and the normal. The law of reflection states that these two angles are equal. This means that the light is reflected at the same angle at which it arrives.

The Law of Refraction:
Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another. This occurs because the speed of light is different in different media. The law of refraction, also known as Snell's Law, can be stated as follows:

1. **Refraction Occurs When Light Passes Through an Interface:** When light travels from one medium to another, such as from air to water, it changes speed. This change in speed causes the light to change direction, which is known as refraction.

2. **The Ratio of Sines of the Angles is Constant for a Given Pair of Media:** Mathematically, Snell's Law is expressed as:
\[ n_1 \sin(\theta_1) = n_2 \sin(\theta_2) \]
where \( n_1 \) and \( n_2 \) are the refractive indices of the first and second media, respectively, and \( \theta_1 \) and \( \theta_2 \) are the angles of incidence and refraction, respectively. This equation shows that the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction is a constant value when light passes from one medium to another.

3. **The Greater the Incident Angle, the Greater the Refraction:** As the angle of incidence increases, the angle of refraction also increases, provided the light is moving from a medium with a higher refractive index to one with a lower refractive index. However, there is a critical angle beyond which the light does not pass into the second medium but is instead totally internally reflected.

Applications and Phenomena:
The laws of reflection and refraction have numerous applications and can explain a variety of optical phenomena:

- Mirrors: The law of reflection explains how mirrors produce images.
- Lenses: Refraction through lenses is responsible for the focusing of light in cameras, glasses, and telescopes.
- Rainbows: The formation of rainbows is a result of both refraction and reflection of light within water droplets.
- Prisms: The dispersion of light into its constituent colors by a prism is due to the different degrees of refraction for different wavelengths of light.

Understanding these laws is crucial for the development of technologies that rely on the manipulation of light, such as fiber optics, laser systems, and various imaging devices.

Now, let's proceed with the translation into Chinese.

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The law of reflection states that the angle of reflection * is equal to the angle of incidence. Light rays that pass through an interface are transmitted rays. These rays bend. ... The greater the incident angle, the greater the refraction.read more >>