Apache Tomcat Server is a robust, open-source web server and servlet container developed by the Apache Software Foundation. It provides a pure Java HTTP web server environment for Java code to run in. Tomcat implements several Java EE specifications including Java Servlet, JavaServer Pages (JSP), and WebSocket, providing a "pure Java" HTTP web application platform.

Here's a comprehensive tutorial on Apache Tomcat Server:

1. Introduction to Apache Tomcat

Apache Tomcat is a web container that primarily serves to run Java web applications. It is also known as an HTTP server, which can handle HTTP requests and serve web pages as responses. Tomcat is designed to be a small, fast, and secure implementation of the Java Servlet and JavaServer Pages (JSP) specifications.

2. Installation of Apache Tomcat

To start using Tomcat, you need to download it from the official Apache Tomcat website. Choose the version that suits your needs, and follow the installation instructions for your operating system. The installation typically involves unzipping the downloaded file into a directory on your system.

2.1. Prerequisites

Before installing Tomcat, ensure that you have the Java Development Kit (JDK) installed on your system. Tomcat requires JDK to compile and run Java code.

3. Managing Apache Tomcat

Once installed, you can manage Tomcat through a web interface known as the Tomcat Manager. This interface allows you to start, stop, and manage the applications deployed on Tomcat.

3.1. Starting and Stopping Tomcat

To start Tomcat, you can run the `catalina.sh` script (on Unix-like systems) or `catalina.bat` (on Windows) located in the `bin` directory of your Tomcat installation. To stop Tomcat, you can use the `shutdown.sh` or `shutdown.bat` script.

3.2. Configuring Tomcat

Tomcat's configuration is primarily done through the `server.xml` file located in the `conf` directory. This file contains settings for the server's ports, the web applications it will serve, and more.

4. Developing Java Web Applications

Tomcat is often used in conjunction with an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) like Eclipse or IntelliJ IDEA for developing Java web applications.

4.1. Creating a Web Application

A Java web application typically consists of servlets, JSP files, HTML files, and other resources. You can create a new web application project in your IDE and configure it to use Tomcat as the server.

4.2. Deploying the Application

Once your application is ready, you can deploy it to Tomcat. This can be done by copying the application's WAR (Web Application Archive) file to the `webapps` directory of your Tomcat installation.

5. Tomcat as an HTTP Server

While Tomcat is primarily a servlet container, it can also function as an HTTP server. It can serve static content like HTML pages and images and can be used as a proxy server.

6. Links and Literature

For further reading and to stay updated with the latest developments, you can refer to the following resources:

- The official Apache Tomcat website.
- The Apache Tomcat documentation.
- Online forums and communities where Tomcat users discuss issues and solutions.

Appendix A: Copyright and License

Apache Tomcat is released under the Apache License, Version 2.0, which allows for free use, modification, and distribution, provided that the user adheres to the terms of the license.

Now, let's move on to the translation:

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Tomcat version 7.x is used in this tutorial.Apache Tomcat. Apache Tomcat is a webcontainer which allows to run servlet and JavaServer Pages (JSP) based web applications. ... Installation. 2.1. ... Managing Apache Tomcat. ... Developing Java web applications. ... Tomcat as HTTP Server. ... Links and Literature. ... Appendix A: Copyright and License.read more >>