As a domain expert in the field of geometry and transformations, I'm well-versed in the properties and effects of various geometric operations. Let's delve into the concept of reflections and whether they preserve orientation.
Reflections are a type of isometry, which means they are transformations that preserve the distance between any two points in a figure. This property is indeed true for reflections, as they flip a figure over a line (the line of reflection) without altering the distances between points. However, the question of orientation preservation is a bit more nuanced.
When we talk about orientation in geometry, we are referring to the relative positions and directions of the parts of a figure. For instance, if a figure has a top and bottom, or a front and back, these are aspects of its orientation. Now, let's consider the effect of a reflection on a figure's orientation.
A reflection is a congruence transformation, which means that it maps a figure onto a congruent figure; that is, one that has the same size and shape. However, while the size and shape are preserved, the orientation is not. When a figure is reflected over a line, the left side of the figure becomes the right, and vice versa. This is known as being laterally inverted. Similarly, if the figure has a top and bottom, these will also be inverted during the reflection process.
To illustrate this, imagine a simple figure like a capital letter 'A'. If you were to reflect this letter over a vertical line, the top of the 'A' would become the bottom, and the left side would become the right. The distances between the points that make up the 'A' remain the same, but the figure's orientation has been reversed.
It's important to note that reflections do not preserve the handedness of a figure. Handedness refers to whether a figure is left-handed or right-handed. For example, your left hand and right hand are mirror images of each other but are not identical; they are mirror images across a plane. When a figure is reflected, its handedness is reversed, which is another way of saying that the orientation is not preserved.
In summary, while reflections preserve the distance between points and are congruence transformations, they do not preserve orientation. The image of a figure after a reflection is a mirror image and is laterally inverted, which means the orientation is flipped or reversed.
Now, let's proceed with the translation into Chinese.

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Reflection preserve the distance between two points. ... Reflection is a congruence transformation. Under a reflection the image is laterally inverted. Thus reflection does NOT preserve orientation.read more >>