As an expert in financial systems and economics, I can provide a comprehensive answer to your question about the total amount of money in the world. However, it is crucial to understand that the concept of "money" can be interpreted in various ways, and the total amount can change depending on the definition used. The figure you've mentioned, $90.4 trillion, is a reference to "broad money," which is a measure that includes not just physical currency but also money held in easily accessible accounts.
Broad money, also known as M3, is a monetary aggregate that encompasses all the components of M2 (which includes cash, checking deposits, and easily-accessible time deposits) plus other less liquid forms of money such as large time deposits and institutional money market funds. It is a measure that reflects the total amount of money available in an economy for spending and investment.
To determine the current total amount of money in the world, we would need to consider several factors:
1. Global GDP: The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of all countries combined gives us an indication of the total economic activity, which can be a starting point to estimate the amount of money.
2. Currency in Circulation: This includes all the physical cash in the hands of the public and in the vaults of financial institutions.
3. Deposits: Money held in various types of accounts, including savings accounts, checking accounts, and time deposits.
4. Financial Assets: Investments in stocks, bonds, and other financial instruments that can be converted into cash.
5. Digital Currencies: The rise of cryptocurrencies and digital payment systems adds another layer to the total money supply.
6. Central Bank Balance Sheets: The assets held by central banks, including foreign reserves, also contribute to the total money supply.
7.
Economic Growth and Inflation: As economies grow and inflation occurs, the total amount of money in circulation tends to increase.
8.
International Transactions: Money moves across borders through trade, investment, and other transactions, which can affect the total amount of money in the world.
9.
Monetary Policy: Actions taken by central banks, such as quantitative easing or interest rate adjustments, can influence the money supply.
10.
Financial Regulations: Changes in regulations can impact how much money is held in various forms and where it is stored.
Given the dynamic nature of the global economy and the various forms that money can take, it is challenging to provide a precise figure for the total amount of money in the world at any given moment. The figure of $90.4 trillion is a snapshot from 2017 and does not account for changes that have occurred since then. Additionally, this figure is subject to interpretation and may not include all forms of money, such as certain types of digital assets or money held in offshore accounts.
To obtain the most accurate and current data, one would need to consult the latest reports from international financial institutions, central banks, and economic research organizations. These entities regularly publish data on monetary aggregates, GDP, and other economic indicators that can help estimate the total amount of money in the world.
In conclusion, while it is not possible to provide a definitive figure for the total amount of money in the world without access to the most recent and comprehensive data, the concept of broad money gives us a framework to understand the scale of the global money supply. It is a complex and ever-changing figure that is influenced by a multitude of economic factors and financial instruments.
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