I am a specialist in political geography and international relations, with a keen interest in the dynamics of border regions and their impact on society and politics. It is a complex and fascinating field that requires a deep understanding of historical contexts, political ideologies, and the intricate interplay of social, economic, and cultural factors.

Regarding the question of whether Ireland is still divided, the answer is both simple and nuanced. Politically, the island of Ireland is indeed divided into two distinct entities: the Republic of Ireland, which is an independent nation, and Northern Ireland, which is a constituent country of the United Kingdom. This division is a result of a long and complex history that dates back to the early 20th century and the struggle for Irish independence from British rule.

The Republic of Ireland, also known as Eire, covers approximately five-sixths of the island and is a sovereign state with its own government, constitution, and laws. It gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1922, following a period of conflict and negotiations. The country is a member of the European Union and has strong ties with other European nations, as well as a vibrant economy and a rich cultural heritage.

Northern Ireland, on the other hand, comprises the remaining one-sixth of the island and is part of the United Kingdom. It was established as a separate political entity in 1921, following the Government of Ireland Act 1920, which partitioned Ireland into two regions. Northern Ireland has its own devolved government and parliament, but it is ultimately subject to the sovereignty of the UK.

Despite the political division, Ireland maintains an open border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. This open border is facilitated by both countries being part of the Common Travel Area (CTA), which allows for the free movement of people between the UK, Ireland, and the Channel Islands without the need for passport controls. The CTA predates both the European Union and the Schengen Area and is based on a long-standing historical arrangement between the UK and Ireland.

The open border is a testament to the peaceful relations that have developed between the two entities since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement (also known as the Belfast Agreement) in 1998. This agreement was a major milestone in the Northern Ireland peace process, which aimed to end decades of conflict known as "The Troubles." It established a power-sharing government in Northern Ireland and created institutions for cross-border cooperation between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.

However, the issue of the border and the division of Ireland remains a sensitive topic for many, particularly in Northern Ireland, where there are communities that identify more closely with the Republic of Ireland and those that identify with the United Kingdom. The political landscape is also influenced by broader UK politics, including the discussions and negotiations surrounding Brexit, which has implications for the future of the open border and the relationship between the UK and the EU.

In conclusion, while the island of Ireland is politically divided, there are significant efforts and agreements in place to ensure peaceful coexistence and cooperation between the two entities. The open border and the Common Travel Area facilitate the free movement of people, and the Good Friday Agreement has been instrumental in maintaining peace and stability. However, the political and social dynamics are complex and continue to evolve, influenced by both domestic and international factors.

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Politically, the island is divided between the Republic of Ireland, an independent state, and Northern Ireland (a constituent country of the United Kingdom). They share an open border and both are part of the Common Travel Area.read more >>