As an expert in international relations and the history of the Middle East, I can provide a comprehensive analysis of the factors that led to the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq in 1990. The situation was complex, with a multitude of economic, political, and historical reasons contributing to the conflict.
Step 1: English Answer
The invasion of Kuwait by Iraq on August 2, 1990, was a result of a confluence of factors, including economic disputes, regional power dynamics, and historical territorial claims. Here are some key points that contributed to the invasion:

1. Economic Disputes: One of the immediate triggers was the economic conflict between the two nations. Iraq accused Kuwait of slant drilling into its oil fields, which is a method of drilling at an angle to extract oil from another country's territory. This was a significant issue because oil is the primary source of revenue for both countries, and Iraq felt that Kuwait's actions were depleting its resources.

2. Debt and Financial Strain: Following the Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988), Iraq was in dire financial straits. It had borrowed heavily from its oil-rich neighbors, including Kuwait, to finance the war effort. Iraq's demand for the cancellation of these debts was met with resistance from Kuwait, which further strained relations.

3. Regional Power Dynamics: Saddam Hussein, the then-president of Iraq, had ambitions to become the dominant power in the region. He saw Kuwait as a strategic asset that could bolster his influence. The invasion was, in part, an attempt to assert Iraq's dominance over its smaller neighbor.

4. Historical Territorial Claims: There were also historical claims that Iraq had over Kuwait. Saddam Hussein argued that Kuwait had historically been a province of Iraq and that its independence in 1961 was illegitimate. This claim was used to justify the invasion as a reunification of historically Iraqi territory.

5. International Relations: The international community's response to Iraq's grievances was perceived by Saddam Hussein as weak or non-committal. This may have emboldened him to take aggressive action, believing that there would be little international resistance to his plans.

6. Military Build-up: Prior to the invasion, Iraq had been building up its military forces along the border with Kuwait. This military posturing was a clear sign of Iraq's intentions, although it is debated whether the international community took these signs seriously enough.
7.
Domestic Factors: Within Iraq, Saddam Hussein was facing internal pressures. The country was recovering from a long and costly war with Iran, and there were economic hardships and potential unrest. The invasion could have been a diversionary tactic to rally the population behind the regime.
8.
Oil Prices and Control: Control over Kuwait's vast oil reserves was a significant strategic advantage. By annexing Kuwait, Iraq would have had access to a substantial increase in oil production capacity, which would have given it considerable leverage over the world oil market.
It is important to note that while these factors provide a framework for understanding the invasion, they do not excuse the act of aggression. The invasion was a violation of international law and led to significant human suffering and regional instability.
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In early 1990 Iraq was accusing Kuwait of stealing Iraqi petroleum through slant drilling, although some Iraqi sources indicated Saddam Hussein's decision to attack Kuwait was made a few months before the actual invasion.read more >>