As an expert in international relations and military history, I can provide an in-depth analysis of the factors leading up to the Gulf War, specifically Operation Desert Storm. The conflict was a complex geopolitical event with a multitude of causes. Here's a detailed examination of the situation:

1. Iraq's Economic Struggles:** Prior to the invasion of Kuwait, Iraq was facing significant economic challenges. The eight-year-long Iran-Iraq War had drained Iraq's resources, and Saddam Hussein was looking for ways to alleviate the financial burden.

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2. Border Disputes: There had been long-standing disputes between Iraq and Kuwait over their shared border, particularly regarding oil rights in the Rumaila oil field, which extended into Kuwaiti territory.

3. Debt Issues:** Iraq owed Kuwait a substantial amount of money following the Iran-Iraq War. Kuwait had been one of the main financial backers of Iraq during the conflict. Saddam suggested that Kuwait reduce or cancel the debt, which Kuwait refused to do.

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4. Allegations of Economic Sabotage: Saddam accused Kuwait of slant drilling into the Rumaila oil field, thereby stealing Iraq's oil. Additionally, he claimed that Kuwait was overproducing oil, which was driving down the price and harming the Iraqi economy.

5. Regional Power Dynamics:** Iraq, under Saddam Hussein, had ambitions of becoming a dominant power in the Middle East. The annexation of Kuwait was seen as a step towards achieving this goal.

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6. Failure of Diplomatic Efforts: Diplomatic efforts to resolve the tensions between Iraq and Kuwait failed. The Arab League and other international bodies were unable to mediate a peaceful resolution.

7. United Nations Security Council Resolutions:** The UN Security Council passed several resolutions demanding Iraq's withdrawal from Kuwait. Saddam Hussein defied these resolutions, leading to a breakdown in international diplomacy.

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Operation Desert Shield: In response to Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, a U.S.-led coalition of forces initiated Operation Desert Shield to deter further aggression and force a withdrawal.

9. Operation Desert Storm:** When diplomatic efforts and the show of military force failed to lead to Iraq's withdrawal, Operation Desert Storm was launched. This was a massive air offensive aimed at crippling Iraq's military infrastructure and forcing a withdrawal from Kuwait.

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International Response: The international community, including the United States, the Soviet Union, and many Arab nations, condemned Iraq's actions and supported military action to liberate Kuwait.

The invasion of Kuwait by Iraq and the subsequent Operation Desert Storm were the culmination of a series of escalating tensions and failed diplomatic efforts. The conflict had profound implications for the region and the world, marking a significant moment in the post-Cold War era.

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Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein ordered the invasion and occupation of neighboring Kuwait in early August 1990. ... Hussein defied United Nations Security Council demands to withdraw from Kuwait by mid-January 1991, and the Persian Gulf War began with a massive U.S.-led air offensive known as Operation Desert Storm.read more >>