As a historian with a focus on ancient civilizations and religious studies, I have a deep understanding of the historical and religious developments in the region of Jerusalem. The question of which religion was first in Jerusalem is a complex one, as it involves the interpretation of archaeological evidence, historical records, and the evolution of religious practices over time.

Step 1: English Answer

Jerusalem is one of the oldest and most significant cities in the world, with a history that spans thousands of years. It is a place that has been home to multiple religions and has been a focal point for religious and cultural significance for many. The city's religious history is deeply intertwined with its political and social development, making it a site of great historical interest.

**Early Settlements and Canaanite Influence:**
The first human settlements in Jerusalem are believed to have occurred during the Early Bronze Age, around 3500 B.C. At this time, the region was inhabited by the Canaanites, who were among the earliest recorded groups in the area. The Canaanite religion was a polytheistic belief system, with a pantheon of gods and goddesses that governed various aspects of life and nature. It is likely that the early inhabitants of Jerusalem practiced a form of this religion.

**King David and the Establishment of the Jewish Kingdom:**
Fast forward to the 10th century B.C., King David, a figure central to the Jewish faith, conquered Jerusalem and made it the capital of his kingdom. This marked a significant shift in the city's religious landscape, as it became the center of Jewish worship. David's reign is considered a golden age for the Jewish people, and his capture of Jerusalem is seen as a divinely ordained event.

Solomon's Temple:
King David's son, Solomon, is credited with the construction of the First Temple, also known as Solomon's Temple, around 950 B.C. This temple was of paramount importance to the Jewish people as it housed the Ark of the Covenant, which contained the stone tablets of the Ten Commandments. The building of the temple solidified Jerusalem's status as the religious epicenter of Judaism.

Other Religious Influences:
It is important to note that while Judaism became the dominant religion in Jerusalem during this period, the city was also influenced by other religious practices. The region was a crossroads for trade and cultural exchange, and over time, it was conquered and influenced by various empires, including the Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, and Romans. Each of these groups brought their own religious beliefs and practices, which sometimes intermingled with the local Jewish traditions.

Christianity and Islam:
The religious landscape of Jerusalem continued to evolve with the emergence of Christianity and Islam. Christians regard Jerusalem as the place where Jesus was crucified, buried, and resurrected, making it a holy city for them as well. The construction of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, which is believed to be built on the site of Jesus' crucifixion, further cemented the city's importance in Christian tradition.

Islam arrived in Jerusalem later, with the city's significance in Islamic tradition dating back to the 7th century A.D. The Prophet Muhammad is said to have traveled to Jerusalem during the Night Journey, and the city is home to the Al-Aqsa Mosque, the third holiest site in Islam.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the first religion in Jerusalem can be traced back to the Canaanite religion during the Early Bronze Age. However, the city's religious significance was most profoundly shaped by the establishment of the Jewish kingdom under King David and the construction of Solomon's Temple. Over time, the city's religious importance expanded to include Christianity and Islam, making Jerusalem a unique and sacred site for three of the world's major monotheistic religions.

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Scholars believe the first human settlements in Jerusalem took place during the Early Bronze Age--somewhere around 3500 B.C. In 1000 B.C., King David conquered Jerusalem and made it the capital of the Jewish kingdom. His son, Solomon, built the first holy Temple about 40 years later.read more >>