As an expert in the field of World War II history, I can provide a detailed account of Romania's role during the conflict. Romania was a significant player in the war due to its strategic location and abundant resources, particularly oil, which was crucial for the Axis powers.

Step 1: English Answer
During World War II, Romania's involvement was multifaceted and evolved over time. Initially, Romania was aligned with the Axis powers, particularly Nazi Germany, due to a combination of factors including political, economic, and military considerations.

Early Alignment with the Axis Powers:
In the early stages of the war, Romania was influenced by fascist political forces such as the Iron Guard, which rose in popularity and power. The Iron Guard advocated for an alliance with Nazi Germany and its allies, seeing it as a means to achieve national unity and territorial expansion. This led to Romania signing the Tripartite Pact in 1940, formally aligning with Germany, Italy, and Japan.

Territorial Disputes and Losses:
Despite its alliance with Germany, Romania faced territorial disputes and losses. The Vienna Dictate in 1940 forced Romania to cede Northern Transylvania to Hungary, a decision that was deeply unpopular within Romania. Later, southern Dobrudzha was lost to Bulgaria, further straining relations with the Axis.

Oil and Economic Importance:
Romania's Ploiesti oil fields were of strategic importance to the Axis powers, particularly Germany, which relied heavily on Romanian oil for its war machine. The oil fields became a prime target for the Allies, leading to a series of bombing campaigns.

Turning Point and Shift in Alliance:
The tide of the war began to turn against the Axis powers, and Romania found itself at a crossroads. The Allied bombing of Romania started in 1943, targeting the oil industry and other strategic locations. This, coupled with the advance of Soviet armies in 1944, led to a shift in Romania's position. Fearing occupation and seeking to distance itself from the losing side, Romania began to explore options for a change in allegiance.

The Coup and Switch in Allegiance:
In August 1944, Romania underwent a coup d'état, led by King Michael I, which ousted the pro-Nazi government of Marshal Ion Antonescu. This marked a significant shift in Romania's role in the war. Romania then signed an armistice with the Allies and declared war on Germany, effectively switching sides.

Liberation and Post-War Repercussions:
The Soviet invasion that followed the coup led to the liberation of Romania from Nazi occupation. However, it also resulted in a Soviet military presence that would have lasting effects on the country's post-war political landscape. Romania became a satellite state of the Soviet Union, with significant political and economic changes imposed by the Soviets.

In summary, Romania's role in World War II was complex, marked by an initial alignment with the Axis, territorial disputes, economic importance due to its oil resources, a shift in allegiance following a coup, and ultimately, liberation and a new set of challenges in the post-war era.

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Fascist political forces such as the Iron Guard rose in popularity and power, urging an alliance with Nazi Germany and its allies. ... After the tide of war turned against the Axis, Romania was bombed by the Allies from 1943 onwards and invaded by advancing Soviet armies in 1944.read more >>