As a cultural expert with a keen interest in the rich tapestry of global traditions, I'm delighted to delve into the significance of the festival of Makar Sankranti, a joyous occasion that holds a special place in the hearts of many, particularly in India. This festival is not just a celebration of the sun's journey but also a time to honor the changing of the seasons, agricultural prosperity, and the triumph of light over darkness. Why do we celebrate Sankranti? The festival of Makar Sankranti is rooted in the ancient Hindu calendar and marks the transition of the sun into the zodiac sign of Capricorn, or 'Makar' in Sanskrit, around January 14th each year. This celestial event signifies the end of the winter solstice and the gradual lengthening of days, bringing with it a sense of hope and renewal. Cultural Significance 1. Harvest Festival: Primarily, Makar Sankranti is a harvest festival that coincides with the end of the winter season and the beginning of the harvest season for many crops. It is a time when farmers celebrate the bounty of their labor and thank the sun for its life-giving warmth and light. 2. Symbol of Light Over Darkness: The festival also symbolizes the victory of light (good) over darkness (evil). It is a time to cleanse oneself, both physically and spiritually, and to prepare for the year ahead with renewed vigor and positivity. 3. Astrological Significance: Astrologically, the sun's movement into Capricorn marks the start of a new cycle, and it is believed that the sun's rays have the most potent and purifying effects during this time. 4. Traditional Customs: The customs and rituals associated with Makar Sankranti are diverse and vibrant. Kites fill the skies as people engage in kite-flying competitions, and sweets made from sesame seeds (til) and jaggery (gur) are distributed, symbolizing prosperity and the sweetness of life. 5. Mythological Associations: There are numerous mythological stories associated with this festival, including the story of Lord Surya, the sun god, and his journey across the sky, as well as tales of Lord Krishna and his divine lila (pastimes) with the people of Gokul. 6. Regional Variations: The celebration of Makar Sankranti varies across different regions of India, with each place having its unique customs and names for the festival. For instance, in Punjab, it is known as Lohri, in Tamil Nadu as Pongal, and in West Bengal as Magh Bihu. 7. Spiritual Practices: Many Hindus undertake a ritual bath in holy rivers like the Ganges, believing it to cleanse their sins and bestow blessings. Spiritual discourses and the recitation of religious texts are also common during this period. 8. Community and Family: The festival fosters a sense of community and brings families together. It is a time for feasting, gift-giving, and spending quality time with loved ones. Environmental Connection The celebration of Makar Sankranti also has a deep connection with the environment. It is a reminder of the importance of living in harmony with nature, as the festival is closely tied to the agricultural cycle. The changing of the seasons and the sun's movement are intrinsic to the well-being of the land and its people. Conclusion In essence, Makar Sankranti is a multifaceted festival that encapsulates the essence of life's cyclical nature, the importance of community, and the spiritual significance of the sun's journey. It is a time for joy, reflection, and the celebration of life's simple pleasures. read more >>

In India with the new year comes the festival of Makar Sankranti, a festival celebrated by Hindus. Makar Sankranti falls on the day of the year when the sun, the king of all planets, is in the rasi (house) of Makar (Capricorn). ... According to the Hindu calendar, it is celebrated in the month of Magha.read more >>