Guru Har Rai, the seventh of the ten Sikh Gurus, was a significant figure in the Sikh religion and its history. Born on 16 January 1630, he became the Sikh leader at a very young age of 14, following the death of his grandfather, Guru Hargobind, on 8 March 1644. His tenure as the Guru was marked by several key events and contributions that helped shape the Sikh community and its beliefs. Step 1: English Answer ### Early Life and Ascension to Guruship Guru Har Rai was born into a family that was already deeply involved in the Sikh faith. His grandfather, Guru Hargobind, had laid a strong foundation for the Sikh community by emphasizing the importance of both spiritual and temporal power. This dual focus was crucial in the development of the Sikh identity, which Guru Har Rai would continue to nurture. ### Spiritual Leadership and Teachings As the seventh Nanak, Guru Har Rai focused on the spiritual development of his followers. He emphasized the importance of meditation and reciting the name of God (Nam Simran) as a means to attain spiritual enlightenment. He also stressed the importance of self-discipline and moral conduct, which were essential for a Sikh to lead a righteous life. ### Military and Political Role While Guru Har Rai's primary role was spiritual, he did not neglect the military and political aspects of Sikh leadership. He maintained a small but well-trained army to protect the Sikh community from external threats, particularly from the Mughal Empire, which was known for its oppressive rule. His military preparedness was a continuation of the policy initiated by his grandfather, Guru Hargobind. ### Relations with the Mughal Empire Guru Har Rai's relationship with the Mughal Empire was complex. He sought to maintain peace and avoid unnecessary conflict, but he was also prepared to defend the Sikh community if attacked. His diplomatic skills and the strength of his army helped to ensure the safety of the Sikhs during his leadership. ### Expansion of the Sikh Community Under Guru Har Rai's leadership, the Sikh community continued to grow. He encouraged the establishment of new educational and spiritual centers, known as Gurudwaras, which served as places for worship, learning, and community gatherings. These centers played a vital role in spreading Sikh teachings and values. ### Social Reforms and Charitable Works Guru Har Rai was also known for his efforts to improve the social conditions of the people. He promoted equality and justice, and worked to eradicate social evils such as caste discrimination and child marriage. He also encouraged his followers to engage in charitable works and to help those in need. ### Legacy and Impact Guru Har Rai's tenure as the Sikh Guru was relatively short, as he passed away on 6 October 1661, but his impact was profound. He left a legacy of spiritual and moral teachings that continue to guide the Sikh community. His emphasis on the importance of both spiritual and temporal power helped to shape the unique identity of the Sikhs, which would play a crucial role in the development of the Khalsa under his successor, Guru Har Krishan. Step 2: Divider read more >>

Guru Har Rai ([--?ru h?? ?--?]; 16 January 1630 -C 6 October 1661) revered as the seventh Nanak, was the seventh of ten Gurus of the Sikh religion. He became the Sikh leader at age 14, on 8 March 1644, after the death of his grandfather and sixth Sikh leader Guru Hargobind.read more >>