As an expert in the field of ophthalmology, I can provide you with a comprehensive understanding of floaters and how doctors can identify them during an eye examination.
Floaters are small specks or shapes that appear to float across your field of vision. They are actually tiny clumps of cells or protein fibers within the vitreous, which is the clear jelly-like substance that fills the inside of your eye. Floaters are a common occurrence and are usually harmless. However, they can be a cause for concern if they suddenly increase in number or are accompanied by flashes of light, as this could indicate a more serious issue such as a retinal detachment.
When you visit an eye doctor, they have several tools and methods at their disposal to examine the interior of your eye and identify the presence of floaters. Here's how they typically proceed:


1. External Examination: The doctor will start with an external examination of your eyes, checking for any obvious signs of inflammation, infection, or injury that could be contributing to the presence of floaters.


2. Refraction Test: This involves determining the correct lens power you need for clear vision. While this test is primarily for prescribing glasses or contact lenses, it also gives the doctor a clearer view of your retina.


3. Slit-Lamp Examination: Using a slit lamp, which is a specialized microscope, the doctor can examine the front part of your eye, including the cornea and the lens. Although floaters are located in the vitreous, any abnormalities in the surrounding structures can provide clues about the overall health of your eye.


4. Dilated Eye Exam: The doctor may dilate your pupils to get a better view of the retina and the vitreous. This involves using eye drops that cause the muscles in your iris to relax and the pupils to widen. With the pupil dilated, the doctor can see more clearly into the back of the eye, where floaters are located.


5. Ophthalmoscopy: This is a procedure where the doctor uses a device called an ophthalmoscope to look at the retina and the vitreous. The ophthalmoscope shines a light into your eye, and the doctor observes the way the light is reflected back. This can help identify any shadows or movements caused by floaters.


6. Ultrasonography (B-Scan): In some cases, if the doctor needs a more detailed view of the vitreous and the surrounding structures, they might use an ultrasound. This is particularly useful when the media opacity (like a cataract or severe vitreous hemorrhage) prevents a clear view with the previous methods.

7.
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): OCT is a non-invasive imaging test that uses light waves to take cross-section pictures of your retina. While it's more commonly used to examine the retina and optic nerve, it can also provide information about the vitreous.

It's important to note that while doctors can see floaters, they are not always visible to the naked eye. The presence of floaters is often confirmed by the patient's description of their visual experience and the doctor's ability to observe the movement of the vitreous during the examination.

If your doctor suspects that the floaters are a symptom of a more serious condition, they may refer you to an eye specialist, such as an ophthalmologist or optometrist, for further evaluation and treatment. Regular eye exams are crucial for maintaining eye health and catching any potential issues early.

Now, let's proceed with the translation into Chinese.

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Your doctor may suggest you see an eye specialist, either an ophthalmologist or optometrist. ... The vitreous is the clear gel within the eye that gives the eyeball its round shape. If changes in this part of your eye cast shadows on your retina, you may see floaters. Your doctor may also do more eye tests.read more >>