As an expert in religious studies and cultural history, I am often asked about the Twelve Apostles. The term can refer to different things depending on the context, but when it is used without a qualifier, it generally refers to the twelve disciples chosen by Jesus Christ. These individuals played a significant role in the early Christian movement and are well-known figures in the New Testament of the Bible. Here is a detailed overview:


1. Peter - Known as the Rock, he was the leader among the apostles and the first to declare Jesus as the Messiah. He later became the first Bishop of Rome, traditionally considered the first Pope.


2. Andrew - Peter's brother, he was a fisherman by trade and is the patron saint of Scotland and Russia.


3. James the Greater - One of the three pillars of the Church, he was a son of Zebedee and is often depicted holding a fuller's club.


4. John - Also a son of Zebedee, he is known as the "Beloved Disciple" and the author of the Gospel of John, the Epistles of John, and the Book of Revelation.


5. Philip - He is known for his role in the miracle of the feeding of the five thousand and is the patron saint of Uruguay.


6. Bartholomew - Often identified with Nathanael, he is a figure of mystery in the New Testament, with little known about his life or ministry.

7.
Matthew - Also known as Levi, he was a tax collector before becoming an apostle and is the author of the Gospel of Matthew.

8.
Thomas - Known as "Doubting Thomas" for his skepticism about Jesus' resurrection, he is associated with India and is the patron saint of architects.

9.
James the Less - Sometimes called James the Just, he was the leader of the Jerusalem church and is considered the first Bishop of Jerusalem.

10.
Simon the Zealot - His nickname suggests a connection to the Zealots, a Jewish revolutionary group, but little else is known about him.

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1. Judas Iscariot - He is infamous for betraying Jesus to the Roman authorities for thirty pieces of silver, leading to Jesus' arrest and crucifixion.

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2. Judas Thomas or Didymus - Not to be confused with Judas Iscariot, he is sometimes identified with Thomas and is known as "the Twin."

The Twelve Apostles are central to Christian theology and tradition. They were entrusted with spreading the teachings of Jesus after his death and resurrection. Their actions and writings have had a profound impact on the development of Christian doctrine and the establishment of the Church.

Now, let's move on to the translation:

十二门徒 是指耶稣基督所选择的十二个门徒，他们在早期基督教运动中扮演了重要角色，并在《圣经》的新约中是众所周知的人物。以下是对他们的详细介绍：


1. 彼得 - 被称为磐石，他是门徒中的领袖，第一个宣称耶稣为弥赛亚。后来他成为了罗马的主教，传统上被认为是第一任教皇。


2. 安德烈 - 彼得的兄弟，他是一个渔夫，是苏格兰和俄罗斯的守护圣人。


3. 雅各伯（长雅各伯） - 教会的三大支柱之一，他是西庇太的儿子，经常被描绘为手持棍棒。


4. 约翰 - 也是西庇太的儿子，被称为“所爱门徒”，是《约翰福音》、《约翰书信》和《启示录》的作者。


5. 腓力 - 他因在五千人吃饱的奇迹中的作用而闻名，是乌拉圭的守护圣人。


6. 巴多罗买 - 经常与拿但业相提并论，他在新约中是一个神秘的人物，关于他的生活或事工知之甚少。

7.
马太 - 也被称为利未，他曾是一个税吏，后来成为门徒，并是《马太福音》的作者。

8.
多马 - 因对耶稣复活的怀疑而被称为“怀疑的多马”，他与印度有关联，是建筑师的守护圣人。

9.
小雅各伯 - 有时被称为公义的雅各伯，他是耶路撒冷教会的领袖，被认为是耶路撒冷的第一任主教。

10.
奋锐党的西门 - 他的绰号暗示了他与奋锐党（一个犹太革命团体）的联系，但关于他的其他信息知之甚少。

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1. 加略人犹大 - 他因以三十块银币出卖耶稣给罗马当局而臭名昭著，导致耶稣被捕和钉十字架。

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2. 达太或低土马 - 不要与加略人犹大混淆，他有时被认为是多马，被称为“双生子”。

十二门徒 在基督教神学和传统中占据中心地位。他们被托付在耶稣死后传播他的教导。他们的行动和著作对基督教教义的发展和教会的建立产生了深远的影响。

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