As an expert in the field of infectious diseases, I can provide you with a comprehensive understanding of the medical approaches used to treat swine flu, which is a type of influenza caused by the H1N1 virus. It's important to note that while I can offer information based on current medical knowledge, the best course of action for any individual should always be determined by a healthcare professional.
Step 1: English Answer
Swine flu, also known as Influenza A (H1N1), is a contagious respiratory illness that can range from mild to severe and can even be fatal, particularly for high-risk groups. The treatment for swine flu involves a combination of supportive care, antiviral medications, and preventive measures. Here's a detailed look at the medical interventions used:

### Supportive Care
Supportive care is the primary treatment for most patients with swine flu. This includes:

- Rest: It is crucial for the body to recover.
- Hydration: Drinking plenty of fluids helps to prevent dehydration, which can be a concern with the fever and sweating associated with the flu.
- Medication for symptoms: Over-the-counter medications can help relieve symptoms such as fever, cough, and body aches.

### Antiviral Medications
Antiviral drugs are used to treat and prevent swine flu. They can prevent the flu, make it milder, shorten the duration of the illness, and reduce the risk of complications. The key antiviral agents used are:


1. Oseltamivir (Tamiflu): This medication is an oral neuraminidase inhibitor that works by blocking the enzyme neuraminidase, which the flu virus uses to spread within the body. It can be used both to treat and prevent swine flu.


2. Zanamivir (Relenza): Another neuraminidase inhibitor, zanamivir is inhaled and also prevents the spread of the virus. It is less commonly used due to the inhalation method, which may not be suitable for all patients.

It's important to start these antiviral medications as soon as possible after symptoms appear to get the best results.

### Resistance to Antiviral Drugs
There are some antiviral drugs that are not effective against swine flu:

- Amantadine (Symmetrel): This drug was historically used to prevent or treat certain types of flu, but H1N1 is resistant to its effects.
- Rimantadine (Flumadine): Similar to amantadine, rimantadine is ineffective against H1N1.

### Precautions and Preventive Measures
In addition to medical treatment, preventive measures are crucial in managing swine flu:

- Vaccination: The seasonal flu vaccine often includes protection against H1N1.
- Personal hygiene: Frequent handwashing and avoiding touching the face can prevent the spread of the virus.
- Avoiding contact: Staying away from sick individuals and not going to work or school when sick can help prevent the spread.

### Conclusion
While swine flu can be a serious illness, it is treatable and preventable. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment with antiviral medications, along with supportive care, can significantly improve outcomes. It's also important to follow public health guidelines for prevention, including vaccination and good hygiene practices.

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Antiviral agents prevent, shorten, and reduce the severity of flu. Antiviral agents used for treatment and prevention of swine flu are oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza). Swine flu is resistant to amantadine (Symmetrel) and rimantadine (Flumadine).read more >>