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biphasic P wave refers to a P wave that has two distinct parts: an initial positive deflection followed by a negative deflection, or vice versa. This pattern can be seen in a normal electrocardiogram (ECG) and is particularly notable in lead V1. However, the presence of a biphasic P wave can also indicate certain cardiac conditions, such as right or left atrial hypertrophy, or atrial arrhythmias.
In a normal ECG, the P wave should have a maximal height of 2.5 mm in leads II and/or III. It is positive in lead II and AVF, and
biphasic in lead V1. The characteristics of a normal P wave can help differentiate between a normal variant and a pathological condition.
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