As a medical professional with expertise in neurology, I can explain the causes of brain infarction. A brain infarction, also known as a stroke, occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This can lead to the death of brain cells in the affected area. The causes of brain infarction can be categorized into several types:


1. Ischemic stroke: This is the most common type of stroke, caused by a blockage in a blood vessel, often due to a blood clot. The clot can form in the brain itself or travel to the brain from elsewhere in the body.


2. Thrombotic stroke: This occurs when a blood clot forms within the brain's blood vessels.


3. Embolic stroke: This happens when a blood clot or other particle travels to the brain from another part of the body and blocks a blood vessel.


4. Hemorrhagic stroke: This is less common but more severe. It occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures and bleeds into the surrounding tissue.


5. Risk factors: Certain factors can increase the risk of a brain infarction, including high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, and a family history of stroke.


6. Contributing conditions: Conditions such as atrial fibrillation, carotid artery disease, and sickle cell disease can also contribute to the risk of brain infarction.

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The restricted oxygen due to the restricted blood supply causes an ischemic stroke that can result in an infarction if the blood flow is not restored within a relatively short period of time. The blockage can be due to a thrombus, an embolus or an atheromatous stenosis of one or more arteries.read more >>