As a subject matter expert in genetics and developmental biology, I can provide you with an overview of the main causes of birth defects. Birth defects, also known as congenital anomalies, are structural or functional abnormalities that occur before birth. They can be caused by a variety of factors, including:


1. Genetic Disorders: These are inherited from the parents and can be due to mutations in the DNA sequence or chromosomal abnormalities.

2. Environmental Factors: Exposure to certain chemicals, drugs, or radiation during pregnancy can lead to birth defects.

3. Maternal Health: Conditions such as diabetes, obesity, or infections (e.g., rubella) during pregnancy can increase the risk of birth defects.

4. Lifestyle Choices: Smoking, alcohol consumption, and drug use during pregnancy are known to be associated with an increased risk of birth defects.

5. Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of certain nutrients, such as folic acid, can lead to neural tube defects.

6. Infections: Some infections during pregnancy, like cytomegalovirus (CMV), can cause birth defects.
7.
Random Errors: Sometimes, birth defects occur due to random errors during the formation of the embryo.

It's important to note that not all birth defects have a clear cause, and in many cases, a combination of genetic and environmental factors may be at play.

read more >>

Birth defects facts* Birth defects are structural or functional abnormalities present at birth that cause physical or mental disability. They are the leading cause of death for infants during the first year of life. Birth defects may be caused by genetic problems, problems with chromosomes, or environmental factors.read more >>