Hello, I'm a medical expert with a strong background in clinical research and patient care. I'm here to provide you with accurate information about medical conditions, including jaundice.

Jaundice is a condition characterized by the yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. It is typically a sign of an underlying issue rather than a disease in itself. The primary cause of jaundice is the buildup of a substance called bilirubin in the body.

Bilirubin is a yellow pigment that is produced when red blood cells are broken down. It is processed by the liver and then excreted from the body, primarily in bile. When there is too much bilirubin or the liver is unable to process it properly, it can accumulate in the body, leading to jaundice.

There are several reasons why jaundice can occur:


1. Hemolysis: The breakdown of red blood cells at a rapid rate, which can be due to various causes such as infections, autoimmune diseases, or inherited conditions like sickle cell anemia.


2. Liver Disease: Conditions that affect the liver's ability to process bilirubin, such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, or liver cancer.


3. Gilbert's Syndrome: A genetic condition where the liver doesn't process bilirubin as efficiently as it should.


4. Obstruction of the Bile Ducts: Blockages can occur due to gallstones, inflammation, or tumors, preventing bilirubin from being excreted.


5. Crigler-Najjar Syndrome: A rare genetic disorder where the liver has a reduced ability to convert bilirubin into a form that can be excreted.


6. Newborn Jaundice: Common in infants, usually due to immature liver function or the breakdown of a larger amount of red blood cells than adults.

Diagnosis of jaundice typically involves a physical examination, blood tests to measure bilirubin levels, and other tests to determine the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the cause and may include medications, procedures to remove blockages, or supportive care.

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Causes of jaundice. Old red blood cells travel to your liver, where they're broken down. Bilirubin is the yellow pigment formed by the breakdown of these old cells. Jaundice occurs when your liver doesn't metabolize bilirubin the way it's supposed to.read more >>