As a dermatologist with years of experience in treating various skin conditions, I can provide a comprehensive understanding of what causes cystic acne. Cystic acne, a severe form of acne vulgaris, is a skin condition that affects the deeper layers of the skin. It is characterized by large, painful, pus-filled bumps that can be quite distressing for those who suffer from it.

Causes of Cystic Acne


1. Hormonal Imbalances: Hormonal fluctuations, especially during puberty, can lead to an increase in sebum production. Sebum is an oily substance that helps to keep the skin moist but can also clog pores when produced in excess.


2. Follicular Hyperkeratinization: This is a condition where the skin cells within the hair follicles multiply too quickly and form a plug. This plug can trap sebum and bacteria, leading to inflammation.


3. Bacterial Infections: The bacteria *Propionibacterium acnes* (P. acnes) is commonly found on the skin and can contribute to acne formation. When this bacteria gets trapped in a plugged pore, it can multiply, causing inflammation and the formation of a pustule.


4. Inflammation: The body's immune response to the bacterial infection can cause inflammation, which is a key factor in the development of cystic acne.


5. Genetics: Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to developing cystic acne due to inherited factors that affect skin health and the immune response.


6. Diet: While the link is still debated, some studies suggest that certain foods, particularly those high in sugar or dairy, may contribute to acne development.

7.
Stress: Stress can trigger hormonal changes that may lead to an increase in sebum production and inflammation.

8.
Environmental Factors: Exposure to certain environmental pollutants or irritants can also exacerbate acne.

9.
Use of Certain Medications: Some medications, including corticosteroids and lithium, can cause or worsen acne.

10.
Poor Skin Hygiene: Not properly cleansing the skin can lead to the buildup of oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria, which can contribute to acne.

Treatment and Management

Cystic acne requires a multifaceted approach to treatment. It often involves a combination of topical treatments, oral medications, and lifestyle changes. Topical treatments may include benzoyl peroxide, retinoids, and antibiotics to reduce inflammation and bacterial growth. Oral medications such as isotretinoin can be prescribed for severe cases. Additionally, managing stress and maintaining a balanced diet can help in managing the condition.

It's important to consult with a dermatologist to determine the most appropriate treatment plan, as cystic acne can leave lasting scars and require ongoing management.

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Sometimes bacteria get trapped inside the pore, too, causing the area to become red and swollen. Cystic acne happens when this infection goes deep into your skin, creating a red, tender bump that's full of pus. It may hurt or itch. If a cyst bursts, the infection can spread, causing more breakouts.Aug 26, 2016read more >>