Hello, I'm an expert in firearms and ballistics. I'm here to help you with your question regarding the compatibility of .308 and 7.62x51 ammunition.

English Answer:
No, you should not shoot a .308 cartridge in a rifle chambered for 7.62x51 NATO ammunition. While the .308 Winchester (also known as 7.62x51) and 7.62x51 NATO cartridges have similar dimensions and are often confused, they are not the same and have different specifications. The 7.62x51 NATO round has a longer case and operates at a higher pressure than the .308 Winchester. Firing a .308 cartridge in a 7.62x51 chamber can result in insufficient pressure, leading to poor performance or even dangerous pressure spikes that could damage the firearm or cause injury. Always ensure that the ammunition you are using matches the specifications of your firearm's chamber.

中文回答：
不，你不应该在为7.62x51 NATO弹药设计的步枪中射击.308口径的子弹。尽管.308温彻斯特（也被称为7.62x51）和7.62x51 NATO弹药在尺寸上相似，并且经常混淆，但它们并不是同一种，并且有不同的规格。7.62x51 NATO弹壳比.308温彻斯特弹壳长，并且以更高的压力操作。在7.62x51膛室中发射.308子弹可能导致压力不足，导致性能不佳，甚至可能导致危险的压力峰值，从而损坏枪支或造成伤害。在使用弹药时，请务必确保所使用的弹药与你的枪支膛室的规格相匹配。

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That said, it is normally fine to shoot quality 7.62��51 NATO ammo in a gun chambered for the .308 Winchester (though not all NATO ammo is identical). ... So 7.62mm ammo fits nicely into .308 chambers, as a rule.�� You CAN encounter problems going the other way, however.read more >>