As a marine scientist with a focus on physical oceanography, I can explain the phenomenon of tides. The main cause of tides is the gravitational force exerted by the Moon and the Sun on the Earth's oceans. The gravitational pull of the Moon is the most significant factor because it is much closer to the Earth than the Sun, even though the Sun is much larger. This gravitational interaction causes the water in the oceans to bulge in the direction of the Moon and also on the opposite side, creating a tidal bulge. The rotation of the Earth then brings different parts of the planet into alignment with these bulges, resulting in the rise and fall of sea levels that we experience as tides. Here's the translation in Chinese: 作为一名专注于物理海洋学的海洋科学家，我可以解释潮汐现象。潮汐的主要成因是月球和太阳对地球海洋施加的引力。月球的引力是最重要的因素，因为它比太阳离地球近得多，尽管太阳的体积要大得多。这种引力相互作用导致海洋中的水在月球的方向和对面方向上膨胀，形成潮汐隆起。随后，地球的自转使得地球上不同的地区与这些隆起对齐，导致我们经历的海平面上升和下降，即潮汐。 read more >>

Gravity is one major force that creates tides. In 1687, Sir Isaac Newton explained that ocean tides result from the gravitational attraction of the sun and moon on the oceans of the earth (Sumich, J.L., 1996).read more >>