As an expert in the field of infectious diseases, I can provide you with information on how typhus is contracted. Typhus is caused by a group of bacteria known as Rickettsia, which are transmitted to humans through the bite of infected fleas, lice, or ticks. Here's a step-by-step explanation of how one can get typhus:


1. Infection in Vectors: The life cycle of the bacteria begins with small animals like rodents, which are often reservoirs for the bacteria. These animals are bitten by fleas, lice, or ticks that carry the bacteria.


2. Transmission to Humans: When an infected flea,虱子 (lice), or 蜱虫 (tick) bites a human, the bacteria are transmitted into the person's bloodstream.


3. Incubation Period: After the bite, there is an incubation period during which the bacteria multiply in the body. This period typically lasts from 1 to 2 weeks.


4. Onset of Symptoms: Following the incubation period, the person may begin to experience symptoms such as high fever, headache, rash, and sometimes aches and pains throughout the body.

To prevent typhus, it's important to avoid contact with potentially infected animals and to take measures to control the populations of fleas, lice, and ticks, especially in areas where typhus is known to be present.

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The disease is transmitted by the human body louse, which becomes infected by feeding on the blood of patients with acute typhus fever. Infected lice excrete rickettsia onto the skin while feeding on a second host, who becomes infected by rubbing louse faecal matter or crushed lice into the bite wound.read more >>