Hello there, I'm an expert in the field of linguistics with a focus on English grammar. I'm here to help you understand the intricacies of the English language, particularly when it comes to verb tenses and voices.
Let's dive right into the question at hand: identifying passive verbs in English sentences.

Understanding Verbs and Voices

In English, verbs are action words that express states of being or actions performed by a subject. There are two primary voices that verbs can take: active and passive.


1. Active Voice: This is the most common and straightforward form of verb usage. In an active voice sentence, the subject performs the action. For example, "John reads a book."


2. Passive Voice: In contrast, the passive voice places the object of the action at the beginning of the sentence, and the subject that performs the action is either omitted or follows the verb. For instance, "A book is read by John."

Identifying Passive Verbs

Now, let's address the question of identifying passive verbs. A verb is considered passive when the subject of the sentence is acted upon rather than performing the action. Here are some key indicators that a sentence is in the passive voice:


1. Presence of a "be" Verb: Passive sentences often include a form of the verb "to be" (am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been). This is because the passive voice is constructed with a form of "be" followed by the past participle of the main verb. For example, "The cake was baked by Mary."


2. "By" Phrase: Another way to recognize passive-voice sentences is the inclusion of a "by" phrase, which indicates the agent performing the action. If the agent is named, it becomes the object of the preposition "by". For example, "The letter was written by the student."


3. Focus on the Action's Receiver: Passive sentences typically focus on the receiver of the action rather than the doer. This is evident when the object of the action comes before the verb. For example, "The car was sold yesterday" focuses on the car, which was sold, rather than who sold it.


4. Omission of the Agent: In some passive sentences, the agent (the doer of the action) is not mentioned. This is often done when the agent is unknown, irrelevant, or when the focus is meant to be on the action itself. For example, "The window was broken" does not specify who broke the window.


5. Past Participle: The main verb in a passive sentence is always in the past participle form. This is combined with a form of "be" to complete the passive construction. For example, in "The report has been prepared," "prepared" is the past participle of "prepare."

When to Use Passive Voice

The passive voice is not inherently better or worse than the active voice; it's a matter of context and intention. The passive voice is useful in situations where:

- The doer of the action is unknown or unimportant.
- You want to emphasize the action or the receiver of the action.
- The subject of the sentence is receiving new information or undergoing a change.

Examples and Non-Examples

To further clarify, let's look at some examples and non-examples of passive verbs:

Examples of Passive Voice:
- "The package was delivered yesterday." (The doer is unknown or unimportant.)
- "The song is sung by many people around the world." (Emphasizes the song, not the singers.)
- "The problem will be solved by the team." (Focus is on the problem being solved.)

Non-Examples (Active Voice):
- "The delivery driver delivered the package yesterday." (Subject performs the action.)
- "Many people around the world sing the song." (Subject "people" performs the action of singing.)
- "The team will solve the problem." (Subject "team" performs the action of solving.)

Conclusion

In conclusion, identifying passive verbs involves looking for the structure that places the receiver of the action at the beginning of the sentence, often with a "be" verb and a past participle, and potentially a "by" phrase indicating the agent. The passive voice is a valuable tool in English grammar that can be used effectively to shift focus and emphasize different parts of a sentence.

Now, let's proceed with the translation into Chinese.

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The presence of a be-verb, however, does not necessarily mean that the sentence is in passive voice. Another way to recognize passive-voice sentences is that they may include a "by the..." phrase after the verb; the agent performing the action, if named, is the object of the preposition in this phrase.read more >>