As a medical professional with extensive experience in emergency medicine, I'm here to provide you with accurate and helpful information regarding CPR, or cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This life-saving technique is crucial for individuals who are experiencing cardiac arrest or have stopped breathing. It's important to note that CPR should only be performed by someone who has been trained in this procedure, and it should be done in conjunction with calling for emergency medical services (EMS).
Step 1: Assess the Situation
Before you begin CPR, you must first ensure the scene is safe for both you and the victim. Check for any potential hazards such as traffic, electrical wires, or hazardous materials.
Step 2: Check for Responsiveness
Gently tap the victim's shoulder and ask loudly, "Are you okay?" If there is no response, proceed to the next step.
Step 3: Call for Help
If you're alone, call emergency services immediately. If someone else is present, have them make the call while you begin CPR.
Step 4: Open the Airway
Tilt the victim's head back slightly to open the airway. This can be done by lifting the chin and pushing down on the forehead.
Step 5: Check for Breathing
Look, listen, and feel for normal breathing for no more than 10 seconds. If the person is not breathing or is gasping for air, begin CPR.
Step 6: Begin Chest Compressions
Place the heel of one hand in the center of the victim's chest, between the nipples. Place your other hand on top and interlock your fingers. Keep your arms straight and your shoulders directly above your hands.
Push for CPR
This is where the provided information comes into play. You should push down in the center of the chest with a depth of 2-2.4 inches for an adult. The rate of compressions should be 100-120 per minute, which is roughly faster than once per second. It's crucial to pump hard and fast to maintain this rate.
Step 7: Rescue Breaths (if trained)
If you're trained to give rescue breaths, after 30 compressions, give two rescue breaths. Pinch the victim's nose shut, take a normal breath, and then give a breath that makes the victim's chest visibly rise.
Step 8: Continue CPR
Continue this cycle of 30 compressions followed by two breaths until help arrives, the victim starts to breathe normally, or you're too exhausted to continue.
Step 9: Use an AED if Available
If an automated external defibrillator (AED) is available, turn it on and follow the voice prompts to deliver a shock if advised by the AED.

It's important to remember that CPR is a temporary measure and not a substitute for professional medical care. The sooner CPR is initiated, the higher the chances of survival for the victim.

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In most locations the emergency dispatcher can assist you with CPR instructions. If the victim is still not breathing normally, coughing or moving, begin chest compressions. Push down in the center of the chest 2-2.4 inches 30 times. Pump hard and fast at the rate of 100-120/minute, faster than once per second.read more >>