As an expert in the field of communication and correspondence, I would like to share my knowledge on the structure of a friendly letter. A well-composed letter often consists of five distinct parts, each serving a specific purpose in the overall message. Here's a detailed breakdown of these parts:

1. The Heading:
The heading is the topmost part of the letter and typically includes the writer's address and the date. The writer's address is optional in friendly letters, especially if the correspondence is between close acquaintances. However, including it can be helpful for record-keeping and to maintain a formal tone if desired. The date is important as it provides a timestamp for the letter, which can be useful for future reference.

2. The Salutation (Greeting):
The salutation is the formal greeting at the beginning of the letter. It sets the tone for the rest of the message. In friendly letters, it often starts with "Dear" followed by the recipient's name or title, for example, "Dear John," or "Dear Dr. Smith,". The salutation can be personalized to reflect the relationship between the writer and the recipient.

3. The Body:
The body of the letter is the main content where the writer communicates the purpose of the letter. It is usually divided into three or more paragraphs, each addressing a different aspect of the message. The first paragraph typically introduces the topic, the middle paragraphs elaborate on the details, and the final paragraph may provide a transition to the closing.

4. The Complimentary Close:
This part comes just before the writer's signature and is a polite way to end the letter. It can vary depending on the formality of the letter. Common phrases include "Sincerely," "Best regards," "Yours truly," or "Warm regards." The choice of the complimentary close can reflect the level of formality and the nature of the relationship between the writer and the recipient.

5. The Signature:
The signature is the writer's handwritten name that follows the complimentary close. It serves as a personal touch and a form of authentication. In the digital age, when letters are often typed, the writer's typed name may appear below the complimentary close, and the actual handwritten signature may be reserved for more formal or legal documents.

Additional Considerations:
- The Reference Initials: After the signature, some letters include the writer's initials, especially in a business context. This is often seen in letters from secretaries or assistants who have typed the letter on behalf of someone else.
- The Enclosures: If the letter is accompanied by any documents or items, the word "Encl." or a list of the enclosed items may be mentioned at the bottom of the letter.
- The Postscript (P.S.): A postscript is an additional note that the writer may add after the signature. It is often used for a personal touch or to mention something that was forgotten in the main body of the letter.

Understanding and applying these parts correctly can greatly enhance the clarity and effectiveness of a letter. Whether you are writing a personal note to a friend or a formal letter to a business associate, adhering to these structural guidelines will help ensure your message is conveyed professionally and with the appropriate tone.

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Friendly letters have five parts:The Heading: The heading can include your address and the date. ... The Salutation (greeting): This usually begins with Dear_________. ... The Body: The body of the letter is the information you are writing in your letter.More items...read more >>