As an expert in the field of religious studies and cultural anthropology, I have a deep understanding of the religious landscape across various countries. When it comes to the main religion in Croatia, it is essential to consider both historical and contemporary perspectives to provide a comprehensive answer.

Historical Context:
Croatia, located in Southeast Europe, has a rich and complex history that has shaped its religious landscape. The country was part of the Roman Empire, which was predominantly Christian by the end of the 4th century. Later, Croatia became part of the Byzantine Empire, which was predominantly Orthodox Christian. However, the region was also influenced by the Catholic Church, especially after the Pope established the Kingdom of Croatia in the 11th century. This historical interplay between Catholicism and Orthodox Christianity has left a lasting impact on the religious affiliations of the Croatian people.

Contemporary Religious Landscape:
In modern times, the religious affiliations of the Croatian population are largely reflective of its historical roots. According to the 2011 census, 86.28% of Croatians identify as Catholics. This is a significant majority that underscores the dominant role of Catholicism in the country's religious life. The Catholic Church has a strong presence in Croatia, with numerous churches, cathedrals, and religious festivals that are deeply ingrained in the cultural fabric of the nation.

Other Religious Groups:
While Catholicism is the predominant religion, there are other religious groups in Croatia that contribute to the country's religious diversity.
Orthodox Christians make up 4.44% of the population, which is a reflection of the historical Orthodox influence, particularly in the eastern parts of the country.
Muslims constitute 1.47% of the population, a figure that can be attributed to the Ottoman rule and the presence of a significant Muslim minority in the region.
Protestants account for 0.34% of the population, which includes various denominations such as Lutherans and Calvinists.

Non-Religious and Other Categories:
It is also important to note the portion of the population that identifies as non-religious or belongs to other categories.
3.81% of Croatians are categorized as not religious and atheists, 0.76% as agnostics and sceptics, and 2.17% as undeclared. These figures indicate a growing trend of secularism and a decrease in religious affiliation, which is a phenomenon observed in many parts of the world.

Religious Tolerance and Pluralism:
Croatia is a country that values religious tolerance and pluralism. Despite the Catholic majority, the constitution guarantees freedom of religion, and there are no state religions. This has allowed for the peaceful coexistence of various religious communities within the country.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the main religion in Croatia is Catholicism, with a significant majority of the population identifying as such. However, the country's religious landscape is diverse, with Orthodox Christians, Muslims, and Protestants also contributing to the nation's religious mosaic. The non-religious segment of the population is growing, reflecting a global trend towards secularism. Croatia's commitment to religious freedom and tolerance ensures that all religious groups can practice their faiths without interference.

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According to the 2011 census 86.28% of Croatians are Catholics, while Orthodox Christians make up 4.44% of the population, Muslims 1.47%, and Protestants 0.34% of the population. 3.81% of Croatians are not religious and atheists, 0.76% are agnostics and sceptics, and 2.17% are undeclared.read more >>