As a domain expert in physics, I can explain the concept of electric current. An electric current is the flow of electric charge, which is typically carried by moving electrons in a conductor. Here's a step-by-step explanation:
1.
Charged Particles: The first requirement for a current is the presence of charged particles. In most cases, these are electrons, which are negatively charged.
2.
Voltage or Potential Difference: A potential difference, or voltage, is needed to drive the charge through a conductor. This is similar to a pressure difference that causes water to flow through a pipe.
3.
Conductor: A conductor is a material that allows the free movement of electrons. Metals are good conductors because they have a sea of electrons that can move easily.
4.
Completion of Circuit: For current to flow, there must be a closed path or circuit. This means that the electrons can move from one point to another and return to their starting point.
5.
Resistivity: The resistivity of the material affects how easily the current can flow. Lower resistivity allows for higher current for a given voltage.
6.
Power Source: A power source, such as a battery or a generator, provides the voltage necessary to create the current.
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