As a medical professional with expertise in hematology, I can provide you with an overview of the long-term effects of anemia. Anemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood cells (RBCs) or less than the normal quantity of hemoglobin in the blood, which can lead to a range of complications if left untreated.

Long-term effects of anemia may include:


1. Fatigue: Chronic anemia can lead to persistent fatigue due to the body's tissues not receiving enough oxygen.

2. Weakened immune system: Anemia can compromise the immune system, making the body more susceptible to infections.

3. Heart problems: The heart may enlarge and weaken over time (a condition called hypertrophy) as it works harder to pump oxygen through the body.

4. Cognitive impairment: Long-term anemia can affect cognitive function, leading to issues with memory and concentration.

5. Growth and development issues: In children, anemia can lead to developmental delays and impaired growth.

6. Anemia of chronic disease: This is a type of anemia that can occur in people with chronic illnesses such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, or kidney failure.
7.
Iron-deficiency anemia: If anemia is caused by iron deficiency, it can lead to further complications such as restless leg syndrome and pica (a craving for non-food items).

It's important to address the underlying cause of anemia to prevent these long-term effects. Treatment may include dietary changes, iron supplements, or other medications depending on the type of anemia.

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When they occur, symptoms may include:Weakness and fatigue are the most common symptoms.Shortness of breath on exertion.Rapid heartbeat.Lightheadedness or dizziness.Headache.Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)Irritability and other mood disturbances.Pale skin (however, healthy-looking skin color does not rule out anemia)More items...read more >>