As a wildlife expert with extensive knowledge of predator-prey dynamics, I can provide you with a detailed answer to your question. Coyotes, while being opportunistic feeders and predators themselves, can also fall prey to other animals. Here are some animals that are known to eat or have been observed attacking coyotes:
1. Wolves: Larger and more social, wolves can outcompete coyotes for resources and may kill them to reduce competition.
2. Mountain Lions (Pumas, Cougars): These big cats are known to prey on coyotes, especially in areas where their territories overlap.
3. Bears: Both black bears and grizzly bears can be threats to coyotes, particularly when the bears are protecting their young or food sources.
4. Large domestic dogs: In some instances, large dogs that are not properly controlled or are aggressive by nature can attack and kill coyotes.
5. Humans: Unfortunately, humans also pose a threat to coyotes, either through hunting, trapping, or poisoning.
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