As a specialist in toxicology, I can provide you with an informed response regarding theobromine. Theobromine is a naturally occurring alkaloid found in cocoa, chocolate, and some other plants. It is structurally similar to caffeine and has stimulant effects, but it is generally considered less toxic to humans than caffeine.
In moderate amounts, theobromine is not toxic to most humans. However, it can cause side effects such as increased urination, rapid heartbeat, and sleeplessness in some individuals, especially if they are sensitive to stimulants. Theobromine has a higher lethal dose compared to caffeine, and toxicity is rare but can occur with very high doses, typically in the context of an overdose.
It is important to note that theobromine is more toxic to dogs than it is to humans. In dogs, even small amounts can lead to symptoms of toxicity, and it is a common cause of chocolate poisoning in this species.
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