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How do you know if its ionic or covalent?
Electrostatic Attraction Molecules vs. Ions Melting and Boiling Points
Questioner：Olivia Morris 2023-04-07 08:05:46
The most authoritative answer in 2024
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Amelia Hernandez——Studied at the University of Vienna, Lives in Vienna, Austria.
As a subject matter expert in chemistry, I can provide you with a detailed explanation on how to distinguish between ionic and covalent bonds. Ionic and covalent bonds are two primary types of chemical bonds that occur between atoms.
Ionic bonds typically form between a metal and a non-metal. They result from the transfer of one or more electrons from a metal atom to a non-metal atom, leading to the formation of oppositely charged ions that are attracted to each other. The key characteristics of ionic bonds include:
- Formation between a metal and a non-metal
- Involves the transfer of electrons
- Results in the formation of ions
- Attracts oppositely charged ions
Covalent bonds, on the other hand, form when two non-metal atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. This type of bond is characterized by:
- Formation between non-metal elements
- Involves sharing of electrons
- Does not result in the formation of ions
- Strong intermolecular forces due to shared electrons
To determine whether a bond is ionic or covalent, you can consider the following:
1. Electrostatic Attraction: Ionic bonds have a strong electrostatic attraction due to the transfer of electrons, which is not the case with covalent bonds.
2. Molecules vs. Ions: Ionic compounds form ions, while covalent compounds do not.
3. Melting and Boiling Points: Ionic compounds generally have higher melting and boiling points due to the strong forces between ions, whereas covalent compounds have lower melting and boiling points.
4. Solubility: Ionic compounds are usually soluble in water, while covalent compounds can be soluble in organic solvents.
5. Conductivity: Ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water or in a molten state, but covalent compounds do not conduct electricity.
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Isabella Carter——Studied at the University of Sydney, Lives in Sydney, Australia.
Compounds containing two elements (so called binary compounds) can either have ionic or covalent bonding.If a compound is made from a metal and a non-metal, its bonding will be ionic.If a compound is made from two non-metals, its bonding will be covalent.read more >>+119962023-04-12 08:05:46
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