Hello, I'm a subject matter expert in chemistry with a focus on chemical bonding. When discussing the different types of bonds, it's important to understand that they can be classified in several ways, but the most common classifications are based on the nature of the interaction between the atoms involved. Here's a detailed overview:


1. Ionic Bonds: These occur between a metal and a non-metal, where one atom donates one or more electrons to the other, resulting in the formation of ions. The bond is formed due to the electrostatic attraction between the positively and negatively charged ions.


2. Covalent Bonds: Covalent bonds are formed when two non-metal atoms share one or more pairs of electrons. This type of bond is characterized by the sharing of electrons rather than their transfer.


3. Metallic Bonds: In metals, the bonding is somewhat different. Atoms in a metallic lattice share electrons rather freely, which allows for the formation of a 'sea' of delocalized electrons that can move throughout the structure. This is known as metallic bonding.


4. Hydrogen Bonds: These are a special type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs between molecules, particularly those containing the hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine.


5. Van der Waals Bonds: Also known as London dispersion forces, these are the weakest of all chemical bonds and occur between all molecules, including non-polar ones. They result from temporary fluctuations in electron distribution that lead to weak, temporary attractions.


6. Pi Bonds: These are a type of covalent bond where the electron density is distributed above and below the plane of the atoms involved, which is in contrast to sigma bonds where the electron density is between the atoms.

7.
Sigma (σ) Bonds: A sigma bond is the strongest type of covalent bond where the electron density is found along the axis connecting the two atoms.

8.
Pi (π) Bonds: Pi bonds are weaker than sigma bonds and are found in molecules with double or triple bonds, in addition to the sigma bonds.

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Here's what you need to know about each of the seven classes of bonds:Treasury bonds. Treasuries are issued by the federal government to finance its budget deficits. ... Other U.S. government bonds. ... Investment-grade corporate bonds. ... High-yield bonds. ... Foreign bonds. ... Mortgage-backed bonds. ... Municipal bonds.read more >>