Hello! As an expert in European geography and political systems, I'm here to provide you with a detailed answer to your question about the number of states in Germany.
Germany is a federal state, which means it's composed of several smaller states that have their own governments and laws, but also work together under a national government. This structure is enshrined in the country's Basic Law, or Grundgesetz, which outlines the distribution of powers between the federal government and the states.
Since its reunification in 1990, **Germany has consisted of 16 federal states**, known in German as "Bundesländer." These states vary greatly in size, population, and character, reflecting the rich diversity of the country as a whole. Let's take a closer look at each one.

1. Schleswig-Holstein: Located in the north, this state borders Denmark and is known for its coastal landscapes and strong agricultural sector.

2. Hamburg: This is one of Germany's three city-states and is a major port and economic hub. It's also the second-largest city in the country.

3. Lower Saxony: A large state in the northwest, Lower Saxony is home to a mix of urban and rural areas, as well as several important universities.

4. Bremen: Another city-state, Bremen is a major center for trade and shipping. It's also known for its vibrant arts scene.

5. North Rhine-Westphalia: This is Germany's most populous state and includes major cities like Cologne, Düsseldorf, and Bonn. It's a center for industry and culture.

6. Hesse: This central state includes the city of Frankfurt, an important financial center. It's also home to several beautiful castles and parks.
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Rhineland-Palatinate: Known for its wine production and picturesque landscapes, this state in the west is a popular destination for tourists.
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Baden-Württemberg: This state in the southwest is home to the Black Forest and several major universities, including the University of Heidelberg.
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Saarland: Located near the French border, Saarland has a unique history and culture, influenced by its proximity to France.
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Bavaria: Germany's largest state, Bavaria is in the south and is known for its strong regional identity, beautiful countryside, and the city of Munich, which is the state capital.
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1. Saxony: This eastern state has a rich industrial history and is home to the city of Dresden, known for its beautiful architecture and cultural institutions.
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2. Thuringia: Located in central Germany, Thuringia is known for its forests, mountains, and the city of Erfurt, which has a long history as a trade center.
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3. Saxony-Anhalt: This state in the east is known for its agricultural production and several important historical sites.
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4. Brandenburg: Surrounding Berlin, Brandenburg is known for its natural beauty, including several lakes and forests.
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5. Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania: This state in the northeast is known for its coastal landscapes and is a popular destination for tourists.
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6. Berlin: The capital city of Germany, Berlin is also a federal state in its own right. It's known for its history, culture, and vibrant nightlife.
Each of these states plays a unique role in the country's political and cultural landscape, and together they make up the diverse and dynamic nation of Germany. Understanding the structure and characteristics of each state can provide valuable insights into the workings of this fascinating country.
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16 federal statesSince its reunification in 1990, the new Germany has consisted of 16 federal states. There are three city states -C the capital city of Berlin, plus Hamburg and Bremen -C and 13 diverse regions ranging from Schleswig-Holstein in the north to Bavaria in the south.read more >>